What is Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)? Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction is a molecular technique commonly called RT-PCR. PCR stands for polymerase chain reaction, a laboratory method used to amplify specific regions of DNA for diagnosis and analysis in medical research. Reverse transcriptase PCR, instead of DNA, uses mRNA as the starting template. Real-time…
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Protein ladders are used in experiments to estimate the size of proteins of interest and are resolved using gel electrophoresis. They are also known as protein markers, protein standards, or protein molecular weight markers. Protein ladders contain a mixture of highly purified proteins of defined or known molecular weights. They act as a point of…
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What is dATP? Deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) is a nucleotide that is used as a building block in DNA synthesis, during both in vivo replication and transcription and in vitro replication techniques such as PCR. Structurally, dATP is defined as a purine nucleoside triphosphate; a deoxyribose sugar bound to adenine and 3 phosphates (2’-Deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate). The dATP…
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What is RNase? RNases (or ribonucleases) are a class of hydrolytic enzymes that catalyzes both the in vivo and in vitro degradation of ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules into smaller components. The nuclease operates at the level of transcription and translation and breaks down the RNA by cleaving the phosphorus-oxygen bonds. RNase enzymes are categorized into…
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What is Protein Purification? In biochemistry, a protein is a polymer of amino acids arranged in the form of polypeptide chains. Proteins play an integral role in cell structure and function. In order to study proteins, however, it is important to first identify and isolate them. To accomplish this, biochemists carry out what’s regularly known…
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